For you model 12 lovers

[Cold Spring]

Well John, that's an interesting perspective. M-12 Ducks have only about 2-3/8 to 2-1/2" drop at heel (5 of them I've owned) and weigh about 8-3/4 pounds; they made their reputation with High Velocity 3-inch/1-5/8 ounce loads and most would consider them light kickers with trap loads. That's in comparison to M-12 Trap guns made for volume shooting that ruled the clay fields for so many years, generally weighing in at 8-1/4 pounds and with higher stocks to be cheeked tightly and thus some facial recoil. I have to say your post doesn't fit with physics and my experiences.

[John Cinkoske]

All I can say it was the worst kicking 12 gauge gun I ever fired, even with trap loads, and I have fired quite a few. Your mileage may vary. Regular Model 12's and 97's are no problem for me. Nor are Remington 870's and 31's.